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      <image:title>Prof. Raluca Ilie</image:title>
      <image:caption>I am an Associate Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at University of Illinois in Urbana-Champaign (UIUC). I direct UIUC’s Heliospheric Research and Applications Group (HeRA) and the VR Initiative for Immersive Learning.   I study the dynamics of plasmas and electromagnetic fields in the geospace environment and I develop predictive tools that can mitigate their impacts on engineering infrastructure, such as power grids, satellites, navigation systems, avionics, air travel, telecommunications and more. My research addresses the need for predictive capabilities by developing and improving high-performance, first-principles computational models that describe and predict the conditions in the near-Earth space that can impact technological assets.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>rilie@illinois.edu (217) 300-5358 306 N. Wright Street, 5054 ECEB Urbana, IL 61801 Instagram Twitter</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Research - Machine Learning - Predictive models of geomagnetic storms can be broadly divided into two types: physics-based models and statistics-based (or data-driven) models. The first type of models make predictions based on the known physical laws of nature by solving mathematical equations. For instance, magneto-hydro-dynamics (MHD) models are first principles models that simulate plasmas according to the fundamental laws defined by the Navier-Stokes equations of fluid dynamics and Maxwell’s equations of electromagnetism. Although these are based on first-principles and may allow researchers to derive physical insight about a system, they are computationally expensive. Space weather predictions typically require a super computer with thousands of processors to obtain an approximate solution of a geomagnetic storm. The second type of models, designed to produce faster and more efficient simulations, are statistical or data-driven models that digest large quantities of past observations, make inferences from those data, and apply them to predict the timelines of future events. While they can provide fast predictions that can be used for space and power grid operations, they lack in physical insight and cannot predict events outside the data that was fed to them. These models are mainly based on linear regression algorithms along with polynomial and wavelet functions. The explosion in big-data usage seen across many industries in recent years has brought forth huge advancements in machine learning techniques and processing platforms. While these are used extensively to predict the behavior of humans and economic entities, the use of machine learning in scientific inquiry is still an emerging field. The promise of machine learning is that although these too are statistical models that cannot operate outside the data used for their training, is that they may reveal patterns and interconnections within the multi-dimensional data sets prevalent in space physics, and perhaps would also allow for more accurate predictions for operational stakeholders. Prof. Ilie and her group are developing a decision tree-based machine learning model for the near-Earth space environments. The training data set is provided by the Cluster II mission from ESA. The model could also train on other data sets.</image:title>
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      <image:title>Immersive Learning Lab - Team</image:title>
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      <image:title>Immersive Learning Lab - Team</image:title>
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      <image:title>Immersive Learning Lab - Team</image:title>
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      <image:title>Immersive Learning Lab - Team</image:title>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.ilie.ece.illinois.edu/graduate-students</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-03-27</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.ilie.ece.illinois.edu/graduate-students/hsinju-chen</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-11-09</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Graduate Students - Hsinju Chen - Hsinju Chen</image:title>
      <image:caption>Hsinju Chen is a PhD student at Heliophysics Research and Applications (HeRA) in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. They received the B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering and M.S. degree in Communication Engineering from National Taiwan University in 2017 and 2020, respectively. Her previous works span from polarization-agile patch antenna arrays to electromagnetics and antenna education in university classrooms. At HeRA, she will focus on studying the impact of energetic heavy ions on the magnetosphere dynamics. Apart from research, Hsinju reads, reviews, and blogs about literature in all genres. They also love theatre, writing, and backpacking. Read more about Hsinju here.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.ilie.ece.illinois.edu/graduate-students/pedro-silva</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-03-27</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f16390cda8afd09c3b3a0d0/74081133-7127-4164-8f2f-25bdddae9e79/Pedro%27s+photo.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Graduate Students - Pedro Silva - Pedro Silva</image:title>
      <image:caption>Pedro received his B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the Federal University of Pará (Brazil) in 2019. As an undergraduate student, he engaged in research on computational fluid dynamics applied to renewable energy technology. After graduation, he spent 1.5 years working in the mining industry as a graduate engineer, where he focused on automation engineering and project management. He is now pursuing a PhD in Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in the HeRA Group. Aside from academia, he enjoys watching/playing sports and reading</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.ilie.ece.illinois.edu/graduate-students/raj-majumder</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-10-17</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f16390cda8afd09c3b3a0d0/567673d3-098d-4ed0-9b94-6334db06a2df/abhiraj+majumder_+headshot.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Graduate Students - Raj Majumder - Raj Majumder</image:title>
      <image:caption>Raj Majumder received his B.S. in Aerospace Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 2021. He is pursuing a Ph.D. at the University of Illinois in Electrical and Computer Engineering and is being advised by Prof. Raluca Ilie. He joined the Heliophysics Research and Application research group in 2022. His research focuses on understanding ionospheric outflow from the polar regions and its consequent impacts on magnetospheric dynamics. Outside of academics, he enjoys rock climbing, running, gardening, watching movies and taking film photographs.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.ilie.ece.illinois.edu/alumni</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-03-30</lastmod>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>Alumni</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f16390cda8afd09c3b3a0d0/1636667886524-KI2VA6NL4Z4JY4OT9Z3G/TianhaoYu.jpg</image:loc>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f16390cda8afd09c3b3a0d0/1636668061849-B2H4X5UAVZOU8NS8464Z/VatsalaVerma.png</image:loc>
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      <image:title>Alumni</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>Alumni</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f16390cda8afd09c3b3a0d0/712ce8de-4b2b-4e1f-8b00-46f24dcecc24/MohamedBenaissa.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Alumni</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f16390cda8afd09c3b3a0d0/1636480482307-8UIX7RP84NXN0MJLZ8XF/chizhang2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Alumni</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f16390cda8afd09c3b3a0d0/9f86c4aa-9f37-46a7-8175-4ff61393abee/JianghuaiLiu.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Alumni</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f16390cda8afd09c3b3a0d0/d589f51b-0fc1-4d1f-b530-b14c6d0949db/SooMinKimm.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Alumni</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f16390cda8afd09c3b3a0d0/9d8a7767-ab03-4586-aa1f-cbe42e3cba86/MeiYunLin.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Alumni</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f16390cda8afd09c3b3a0d0/dde3e495-f21d-4f65-912b-6a74161e70a1/MFBashir.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Alumni - Dr. Muhammad Fraz Bashir</image:title>
      <image:caption>Dr. Bashir was a Postdoctoral Research Associate in the HeRA Group during 2017-2020. Dr. Bashir is a theoretical plasma physics expert, and his research focus is on the development of theoretical models for plasma waves, data analysis from space missions, as well as 3D global modeling of the Earth’s magnetosphere. His primary goal is to gain a better understanding of the complex electromagnetic phenomena in the Sun-Earth system, and their role in predicting/modeling the space weather events, as well as quantifying particle loss, acceleration, and transport mechanisms. Dr. Bashir previously worked as Assistant Professor (2014-2017) at COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan after completing his Ph.D. in Plasma Physics from Govt. College University (GCU) Lahore, Pakistan. He worked as Research Officer (2010-2014) in Salam Chair in Physics, GCU Lahore. He has been recently selected as Junior Associate for Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics (ASICTP), Trieste, Italy.  He is also the recipient of the Lloyd Berkner Fellowship from American Geophysical Union and Exchange Ph. D. Canadian Commonwealth Fellowship.  Dr. Bashir has been nominated as Chair Elect for Forum for Early Career Scientists and Member-At-Large for Forum For International Physics and Prairie Section of American Physical Society. Outside science, his other interests include playing and watching soccer. He played professional soccer for about 10 years in Pakistan, and was the captain of the soccer team at school, college and university levels.    Currently, Dr. Bashir holds a Research Faculty position at UCLA.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
</urlset>

